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What Happens When The Catalytic Converter Goes Bad?
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By Daysyore
The catalytic converter is a critical component in modern vehicles that plays a crucial role in reducing harmful emissions. This device, typically located in the exhaust system, helps convert toxic pollutants from the engine's exhaust gases into less harmful substances. While catalytic converters have been instrumental in improving air quality and meeting emission standards, they have also become a hot topic of discussion due to their environmental impact, cost, and potential for theft. In this article, we will explore the significance of catalytic converters, their environmental benefits, challenges faced, and potential future developments.
Environmental Benefits:
Catalytic converters have made significant contributions to reducing air pollution and improving overall environmental quality. They primarily work by facilitating chemical reactions that convert harmful pollutants into less harmful compounds. Key environmental benefits include:
1. Emission Reduction: Catalytic converters effectively reduce emissions of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). These pollutants contribute to smog formation, respiratory issues, and environmental degradation.
2. Compliance with Regulations: Catalytic converters enable vehicles to meet stringent emission regulations imposed by governments worldwide. These regulations aim to mitigate the adverse effects of vehicle emissions on public health and the environment.
Challenges and Concerns:
Despite their environmental benefits, catalytic converters face several challenges and concerns:
1. Precious Metal Usage: Catalytic converters contain precious metals like platinum, palladium, and rhodium, which act as catalysts. The extraction and mining of these metals can have negative environmental impacts, including habitat destruction and water pollution.
2. Cost and Maintenance: Catalytic converters are expensive components, and their replacement or repair can be financially burdensome for vehicle owners. Additionally, improper maintenance or the use of low-quality fuels can lead to premature failure or reduced effectiveness of the catalytic converter.
3. Theft: Catalytic converters contain valuable metals, making them a target for theft. Criminals often remove catalytic converters from vehicles due to their high resale value, leading to inconvenience and financial loss for vehicle owners.
Future Developments:
To address the challenges associated with catalytic converters, ongoing research and development efforts are focused on potential advancements:
1. Alternative Catalyst Materials: Scientists are exploring alternative catalyst materials that can reduce or eliminate the need for precious metals in catalytic converters. This could help mitigate environmental concerns related to metal extraction and lower production costs.
2. Improved Efficiency: Researchers are working on enhancing the efficiency of catalytic converters to further reduce emissions and improve fuel economy. Advancements in catalyst design and optimization of chemical reactions can contribute to more effective pollution control.
3. Anti-Theft Measures: Automotive manufacturers and law enforcement agencies are collaborating to develop anti-theft measures, such as tamper-resistant designs and identification technologies, to deter catalytic converter theft.
Conclusion:
The catalytic converter remains a vital component in the automotive industry's efforts to reduce harmful emissions and improve air quality. While it has made significant environmental contributions, challenges such as precious metal usage, cost, and theft persist. Ongoing research and development endeavors aim to address these concerns through alternative catalyst materials, improved efficiency, and anti-theft measures. As technology advances, striking a balance between environmental impact, automotive performance, and affordability will be crucial in shaping the future of catalytic converters and sustainable transportation.
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By Counterman
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) enacted the Clean Air Act to reduce pollution in the late 1960s. Part of the act was to mandate the use of catalytic converters on new vehicles. As these emissions components required replacement, the Clean Air Act was revised to rules to also cover replacement catalytic components.
At the same time, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) proposed a stricter set of rules for new vehicles and replacement emissions parts. This has made replacing a catalytic converter a very litigious process that requires specific steps are covered.
link hidden, please login to viewEnvironmental Protection Agency EPA headquarters Here are the 10 commandments of converter replacement handed down from the EPA.
1. If the replacement is not required by a state or local program, both the customer and technician must sign a statement concerning why the converter was replaced. (Manufacturers either provide such a statement with the converter or have an example in their catalogs.)
2. If the replacement is required by a state or local program, the technician must keep a copy of the statement or order by the program representative.
3. The invoice for replacement must include the customer’s name and complete address, the vehicle’s make, model year and mileage, as well as the reason for replacement.
4. Retain copies of the invoices and statements for six months and the replaced converters for 15 days (converters must be identified or marked as to which customer’s car they came from).
5. Install the converter in the same location as the original.
link hidden, please login to viewChanging the location of the catalytic converter can change the performance. 6. Install the same type of converter as the original — oxidation, 3-way or 3-way plus oxidation (dual-bed). This information is sometimes available on the emission tune-up label or from the manufacturer’s application catalog.
7. Install the proper converter for the vehicle as determined and specified by the converter manufacturer. There are engine-size and vehicle-weight limitations that make it inappropriate to install certain converters on certain vehicles. Newer vehicles with On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) systems may not always operate properly with certain aftermarket products. Therefore, the catalog should always be consulted for the correct application.
8. The converter must always be properly connected to any existing air injection components.
9. Install all the other required converters the vehicle would have originally come with unless the converter manufacturer has stated in writing that the aftermarket converter is designed to replace more than one converter.
10. For new aftermarket converters, the installer must fill out the warranty information card supplied by the manufacturer and give it to the vehicle owner or operator.
Violating the EPA rules is a breach of federal law since noncompliance is likely to increase the amount of pollution coming out of the vehicle. Penalties for violations by individuals, service or repair shops or fleet operators can be up to $2,500 per violation. (Each improper installation is considered a violation.)
Additionally, new-car dealers can be penalized up to $25,000 per violation. Any person who causes a violation could be subject to the same penalty as the technician. New York State Environmental Conservation Law regarding catalytic converter installation mandates a minimum penalty of $500 for a first violation, and up to $26,000 for each subsequent violation. Failure to maintain complete records or submit reports may also result in a violation.
The conditions under which the catalytic converter was installed is of great importance to the part manufacturer. Even simply using the wrong part on a vehicle may allow the converter manufacturer to not honor the 25,000-mile or the 5-year/50,000-mile warranty. For vehicles in California and other states that require California Air Resources Board (CARB)-mandated emissions equipment, the rules are different.
link hidden, please login to view All of the same mandates apply, but they are much more strict about the replacement converter being CARB-compliant. Also, the CARB rules are based on a one-for-one replacement strategy, and the addition or consolidation of converters is forbidden. The greatest difference between states is the length of time needed to keep documentation. California and New York require paperwork be kept for at least four years. Also, it is important to check local and state laws before installation. New York, for instance, enacted a ban on installing used catalytic converters on vehicles.
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By Counterman
link hidden, please login to viewannounced the debut of the LuK TorCon 6L80, which the company said is “the only all-new, never remanufactured torque converter available in the independent aftermarket.”
link hidden, please login to view has a design proven to last up to five times longer than rebuilt torque converters, according to the company. link hidden, please login to viewalso said that unlike remanufactured options that demand the labor-intensive process of acquiring and stocking model-specific cores, the Luk TorCon 6L80 requires only a straightforward match to the transmission, saving time and effort for customers. The fully furnaced brazed fins not only enhance heat dissipation, but also prevent premature wear, ensuring longevity and reliability, according to Schaeffler. The contamination-free manufacturing process is backed by rigorous 100% pressure and lockup testing, as well as precision balancing.
The TorCon 6L80 (TC0017 24247371) is compatible with 2007-2020 GM trucks, vans and SUVs with a 5.3L, with a current VIO of 6,211,856, according to Schaeffler.
Schaeffler added it “offers a solution to the common issue of core returns and eliminates the risks associated with remanufactured parts such as blemishes created during service, ensuring superior quality and reliability.”
“As technology improves and torque converter designs are changing, the torque converters in the transmissions of today are becoming much more challenging to rebuild. Therefore LuK is offering a complete assembly, with built in quality that ensures a consistent performance in each unit.” says Rob Steinmetz, product manager. ”Years ago, the LuK brand was first-to-market with new service clutch alternatives to the rebuilt options previously available in the aftermarket. Replacement clutches are now almost exclusively new, not rebuilt. The launch of our new, not rebuilt torque converters stands as a prime example of the company’s continued commitment to changing the landscape of the aftermarket.”
In the coming months, the company plans to release additional SKUs as it continues to expand product offerings.
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By Dorman Products
Toyota Prius Catalytic Converter Anti-Theft Shields | Dorman 927-932, 927-933, & 927-934
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By Counterman
The water pump is a vehicle component that needs no introduction. For most vehicle owners, however, they don’t think about it until something goes wrong.
As the only moving part of the cooling system, the water pump plays a vital role in keeping the vehicle running optimally in all weather conditions. Water pumps usually last a long time – 100,000 miles or more on average. When a water pump fails, though, the results can be catastrophic for the engine.
Let’s talk about some common causes of premature water-pump failure.
Coolant Contamination
Coolant can become contaminated with dirt, debris or other substances that can wear down the water pump’s internal components, including the seals and bearings. This contamination can accelerate wear and lead to early failure.
Cavitation
This phenomenon occurs when vapor bubbles form in the coolant near the pump’s impeller blades, causing shock waves when they collapse. Over time, this can lead to pitting and erosion of the impeller blades, reducing the pump’s effectiveness.
Improper Coolant Mixture
Many water-pump failures are caused by factors other than a faulty pump. Using the wrong coolant mixture or water-to-coolant ratio can cause corrosion and deposits within the pump, reducing its efficiency and lifespan. Additionally, incorrect coolant types can chemically react with pump components, causing deterioration.
Bearing Failure
Bearings within the water pump allow the impeller to spin smoothly. Over time, these bearings can wear out or fail – often due to tension from a misaligned or overtightened belt – leading to noise, leaks or a seized pump.
Thermal Stress and Fatigue
Constant exposure to fluctuating temperatures can cause the metal components of the water pump to expand and contract, leading to stress fractures and eventual failure.
Leakage and Seal Failure
The water pump’s seals are prone to wear and degradation over time, leading to coolant leaks. Such leaks not only reduce the efficiency of the cooling system but also can cause overheating and further damage to the water pump and surrounding components.
Warning Signs
Recognizing the early signs of water-pump failure can prevent more significant engine damage. Here are some key indicators:
1. Coolant leak – One of the most straightforward signs is a coolant leak at the front of the vehicle, typically near the center. This can indicate a failed seal or gasket in the
water pump.
2. Overheating engine – If the water pump isn’t circulating coolant effectively, the engine temperature can rise, leading to overheating. Persistent overheating, especially under normal driving conditions, should prompt an inspection of the cooling system, including the water pump.
3. Strange noises – A failing water pump can produce a variety of noises, such as whining or grinding, often due to bearing failure or an impeller rubbing against the pump housing.
4. Steam from radiator – Seeing steam emanate from the radiator is a clear sign of overheating, which could be due to a malfunctioning water pump.
5. Corrosion and deposit build-up – Visible corrosion or significant scaling on the water pump or surrounding components can indicate a failing pump, often due to improper coolant use or leaks that allow air into the system.
While the service life of most OE water pumps should be 100,000 miles or longer, a cheap replacement pump might not make it 30,000 miles before it starts to leak. To keep your customers happy, it’s always a good idea to recommend a well-built, high-quality water pump from a trusted manufacturer. And when they’re replacing the water pump, you’ll want to check if they need any gaskets, hoses, coolant, belts or a thermostat.
Also, if your customer who just purchased a new aftermarket water pump from you doesn’t flush the system and use new coolant when they install the new pump, there’s a good chance you’ll be hearing from them sooner rather than later with a warranty return. You should encourage your customers to follow the vehicle’s recommended flush-and-fill schedule, and to always use the coolant specified by the vehicle manufacturer. Most coolant suppliers do not recommend intermixing different brands or types of coolant in the same cooling system, due to the risk of coolant-gelling, corrosion or abrasion of water-pump seals.
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