Truck refrigeration system components

Eliauk · April 1, 2021

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consists of four parts: compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator.

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1.compressor

The compressor is the power of the refrigeration cycle and is driven by an electric motor to continuously rotate. It can not only extract the vapor in the evaporator in time, maintain low temperature and low pressure, but also increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor through the compression function, creating conditions to transfer the heat of the refrigerant vapor to the external environment medium. In other words, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor is compressed to a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and room temperature air or water is used as a cooling medium to condense the refrigerant vapor.

The function of the compressor is to compress low-pressure steam into high-pressure steam, thereby reducing steam volume and increasing pressure. The compressor sucks the working medium vapor with lower pressure from the evaporator, and sends it to the condenser after the pressure increases. The high-pressure liquid is condensed in the condenser. After being throttled by the throttle valve, it becomes a low-pressure liquid and is sent to the evaporator. In the evaporator, it absorbs heat and evaporates into low-pressure steam, which is then sent to the compressor inlet to complete the refrigeration cycle.

2.Condenser

The condenser is a heat exchange device that uses the ambient cooling medium (air or water) to take the heat of the high temperature and high pressure cooling steam from the cooling compressor, so that the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant vapor is cooled and condensed into a high pressure normal temperature refrigerant liquid. It is worth mentioning that in the process of transforming refrigerant vapor into refrigerant liquid, the pressure of the condenser is constant and still at high pressure.

3.Throttle element (namely expansion valve)

The high-pressure and normal-temperature refrigerant liquid is directly sent to the low-temperature scale evaporator. According to the corresponding principle of saturation pressure and saturation temperature, the pressure of the refrigerant liquid is reduced, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant liquid. The high-pressure and normal-temperature refrigerant liquid passes through the throttling element of the decompression device to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, which is sent to the evaporator to absorb heat and evaporate. In daily life, capillary tubes are often used as throttling elements for refrigerators and air conditioners.

4.Evaporator

The evaporator is also a heat exchange device. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid evaporates (boils) into steam after being throttled, absorbs the heat of the material to be cooled, reduces the temperature of the material, and achieves the purpose of freezing food. In the air conditioner, the surrounding air is cooled to cool and dehumidify the air. The lower the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator, the lower the temperature of the cooling substance. In the refrigerator, the evaporation temperature of the general refrigerant is adjusted to -26°C to -20°C, and in the air conditioner, it is adjusted to 5°C to -8°C.

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